Class 9 — Meta-reasoning, uncertainty, and complex systems

Construct multi-step proofs across branching cases, and reason about the structure of an argument itself, not just its conclusion.

Extend weighted decision-making to situations with incomplete or probabilistic information.

Apply the full fallacy taxonomy to real news, advertising, and social-media arguments, and construct fallacy-free counter-arguments.

Model systems with multiple interacting feedback loops and identify the highest-leverage point for intervention.

Identify when the rule governing a sequence itself changes partway through, and adapt reasoning accordingly.